{"id":759,"date":"2026-01-10T22:29:58","date_gmt":"2026-01-10T21:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/femme2000.org\/?p=759"},"modified":"2026-01-10T22:30:00","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T21:30:00","slug":"les-epreuves-de-lespoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/femme2000.org\/?p=759","title":{"rendered":"Les \u00c9preuves de l\u2019Espoir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Immigration aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis – Derri\u00e8re les gratte-ciels, les b\u00e2tisseurs oubli\u00e9s<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2756 Un eldorado aux promesses bris\u00e9es<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modernit\u00e9, luxe, skyline vertigineuse\u2026 Duba\u00ef et Abu Dhabi fascinent le monde entier. Pourtant, derri\u00e8re les vitres fum\u00e9es des tours \u00e9tincelantes et les chantiers titanesques, une autre r\u00e9alit\u00e9 persiste, celle d\u2019une arm\u00e9e invisible qui sont des millions d\u2019immigr\u00e9s venus construire les fondations du r\u00eave \u00e9mirati, souvent au prix de leur dignit<\/a>\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chaque ann\u00e9e, les \u00c9mirats attirent une main-d\u2019\u0153uvre \u00e9trang\u00e8re massive, attir\u00e9e par la perspective d\u2019un emploi et de revenus en devises mais tr\u00e8s vite, le r\u00eave peut tourner au cauchemar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2756 88 % d\u2019\u00e9trangers, mais peu de droits<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avec environ 10 millions d\u2019habitants, les \u00c9mirats arabes unis comptent 88 % de r\u00e9sidents \u00e9trangers, un record mondial. La majorit\u00e9 vient d\u2019Asie du Sud et d\u2019Afrique :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nationalit\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>Proportion estim\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Inde<\/td>30 %<\/td><\/tr>
Pakistan<\/td>12 %<\/td><\/tr>
Bangladesh<\/td>10 %<\/td><\/tr>
Philippines<\/td>6 %<\/td><\/tr>
Afrique (\u00c9gypte, Nigeria, \u00c9thiopie\u2026)<\/td>15 %<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ces travailleurs sont les piliers invisibles de la croissance \u00e9conomique du pays. Mais leur sort reste souvent entre les mains d\u2019un syst\u00e8me opaque : la kafala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2756 Le syst\u00e8me Kafala : une libert\u00e9 sous tutelle<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Si tu veux partir, ton patron doit te lib\u00e9rer. Sinon, tu restes bloqu\u00e9, m\u00eame sans salaire.\u00bb<\/em> confie un Immigr\u00e9 n\u00e9palais<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce syst\u00e8me de parrainage encore en vigueur dans plusieurs \u00e9mirats lie chaque travailleur \u00e0 un employeur (le kafil) qui d\u00e9tient un pouvoir quasi absolu sur sa situation l\u00e9gale. Impossible de changer d\u2019emploi ou de quitter le pays sans l\u2019approbation de ce dernier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2756 Des logements insalubres \u00e0 la p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si les \u00e9lites vivent dans des quartiers ultramodernes, la majorit\u00e9 des travailleurs immigr\u00e9s s’entassent dans des camps ouvriers excentr\u00e9s, souvent insalubres. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 15 personnes dans une m\u00eame pi\u00e8ce, sans fen\u00eatres, avec un acc\u00e8s limit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019eau et \u00e0 l\u2019hygi\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab On travaille sous 40\u00b0, puis on rentre dans une chambre sans fen\u00eatre. <\/em>C\u2019est invivable.\u00bb<\/em>
selon un ouvrier indien<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2756 Un co\u00fbt de la vie \u00e9crasant, pour des salaires d\u00e9risoires<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les salaires mensuels tournent entre 200 et 300 USD, parfois moins, pour des semaines de 6 \u00e0 7 jours. En comparaison :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Loyer studio \u00e0 Duba\u00ef : 800 \u00e0 1 000 USD<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Transport mensuel : 80 \u00e0 120 USD<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Scolarit\u00e9 priv\u00e9e : jusqu\u2019\u00e0 10 000 USD par enfant et par an<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Soins de sant\u00e9 : souvent non pris en charge<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Ils disaient qu\u2019on allait gagner 500 $, mais on recevait moins de 200. \u00bb<\/em>
Rahim, ouvrier bangladais<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fatima, 29 ans, \u00c9thiopienne, aide domestique :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Mon passeport a \u00e9t\u00e9 confisqu\u00e9. Je travaillais de 6h \u00e0 minuit, sans jour de repos. \u00bb – Voix de l\u2019ombre<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2756 Des r\u00e9formes… mais pour qui ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Face \u00e0 la pression internationale, les \u00c9mirats ont r\u00e9cemment engag\u00e9 des r\u00e9formes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Autorisation de changer d\u2019employeur (dans certains cas)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Cr\u00e9ation de tribunaux du travail<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Introduction de visas \u00e0 long terme pour les travailleurs qualifi\u00e9s<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais l\u2019application reste in\u00e9gale, surtout pour les travailleurs peu qualifi\u00e9s, les plus vuln\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2756 Entre innovation et in\u00e9galit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les \u00c9mirats arabes unis avancent \u00e0 grande vitesse vers l\u2019avenir, affichant une ambition technologique et \u00e9conomique sans limites. Mais une partie de cette r\u00e9ussite repose sur le labeur de travailleurs invisibles, dont les droits restent fragiles, parfois bafou\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9former profond\u00e9ment les conditions d\u2019immigration ne serait pas un luxe humanitaire : ce serait un acte de justice, un hommage n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 celles et ceux qui ont b\u00e2ti, souvent dans l\u2019ombre, le r\u00eave \u00e9mirati.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sane<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Immigration aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis – Derri\u00e8re les gratte-ciels, les b\u00e2tisseurs oubli\u00e9s \u2756 Un eldorado aux promesses bris\u00e9es Modernit\u00e9, luxe, skyline vertigineuse\u2026 Duba\u00ef et Abu Dhabi fascinent le monde entier. Pourtant, derri\u00e8re les vitres fum\u00e9es des tours \u00e9tincelantes et les chantiers titanesques, une autre r\u00e9alit\u00e9 persiste, celle d\u2019une arm\u00e9e invisible qui sont des millions d\u2019immigr\u00e9s venus […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politique","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nLes \u00c9preuves de l\u2019Espoir - Femme 2000<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/femme2000.org\/?p=759\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les \u00c9preuves de l\u2019Espoir - Femme 2000\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Immigration aux \u00c9mirats arabes unis – Derri\u00e8re les gratte-ciels, les b\u00e2tisseurs oubli\u00e9s \u2756 Un eldorado aux promesses bris\u00e9es Modernit\u00e9, luxe, skyline vertigineuse\u2026 Duba\u00ef et Abu Dhabi fascinent le monde entier. 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